Ārya is self designation, of ancient people from Aryavarta. This tribe speaks Vedic Sanskrit and Classical Sanskrit, Pali, Prakrit in later periods.
Etymology
Arya is Sanskrit word which means "noble".
Aryavarta
The term Aryavarta means "land or abode of Aryas". Arya's are chariot
riding people, advancing from lands much further north, to Aryavarta.
Before reaching Aryavarta, they lay siege to and conquer the forts of
another tribe. This forts are defences of indigenous people. It is
surmise that Arya advancement lead to sudden disappearance of Indus Valley Civilisation.
Aryas and indigenous people
There is sharp social divisions between Aryas and indigenous people,
due to cultural and religious differences. This lead to development of
system of Varna's, akin to classes.
